PROCUREMENT OF VACCINES

Universal Immunization Programme | Antigen-wise Achievement |
Vaccines Manufacturing Centres | Cold Chain equipment | Drugs |

 

 

 


UNIVERSAL IMMUNISATION PROGRAMME

 

Universal Immunisation Programme is being conducted in the country for vaccine preventable diseases. Under this programme every year,  about 25 million infants are to be vaccinated before they are one year old with three doses of DPT vaccine (Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus), three doses of polio vaccine and one dose each of the measles and BCG vaccines. About 27 million pregnant women were also to be administered two doses of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) as prevention against tetanus to them and their new born.

 

 

 


ANTIGEN-WISE ACHIEVEMENT

 

The year-wise and antigen-wise achievement during 1989-90 to 2000-01 is given below:-

  Year

DPT

OPV

BCG

Measles

TT(PW)

(Achievement as Percentage of Annual Targets)

1989-90

82.93

82.30

89.04

69.32

58.83

1990-91

100.72

101.54

102.99

90.85

79.70

1991-92

90.89

91.26

92.83

84.99

77.57

1992-93

90.53

91.04

96.54

85.82

79.18

1993-94

93.20

93.57

97.20

88.51

82.60

1994-95

94.51

95.21

99.75

87.23

83.82

1995-96

90.72

91.61

97.07

82.83

80.36

1996-97

91.5

92.7

98.2

83.2

81.8

1997-98

92.9

93.9

99.5

85.8

82.6

1998-99

93.7

95.3

97.7

88.1

83.9

1999-2000*

95.3

95.9

101.6

89.8

81.3

2000-01*

100.3

98.2

102.7

92.1

83.4

 

 

* - Figures provisional

 

            The immunization programme has been a notable success and the infants coverage of the order 85-90% was achieved for the country as a whole by the end of the Eighth Plan.  The coverage of infants during 1999-2000 varied from 82-102%.  The incidence of related diseases has dramatically come down as indicated in the table below:

 

 

Reported Incidence(1990)

Reported Incidence(1998)

Reported Incidence(1999)

Diphtheria

8425

2694

2917

Tetanus

23356

9821

4818

Polio

10408

1949

1126

Measles

87448

38949

36575

 

               


 

Vaccines

 

21.       Under the Immunization Programme Department supplies six vaccines for vaccinations to infants and pregnant women for the control of vaccine preventable diseases. The names of manufacturers having rate contract with the Department during the current year and their production capacity are as under:-

 

Vaccine

Name of manufacturing unit

Annual Capacity (In million doses)

Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine

1. M/s Biological Evans Ltd  Hyderabad

120

 

2. Serum Institute, Pune

96

 

3. M/s Haffkine Bio-Pharmaceuticals Mumbai (A  Govt. of Maharashtra Undertaking)

71.2

 

 

4. Central Resaearch Institute, Kasauli (Unit of MOH)

30

 

5. M/s Pasteur Institute of India, Coonoor (Unit of Min of Health & FW)

30

 

6. State Vaccine Institute, Patwadangar  Nainital

10

DT Vaccine

1. M/s Biological Evans Ltd  Hyderabad

24

 

2. Central Resaearch Institute, Kasauli (Unit of MOH)

20

 

3. M/s Pasteur Institute of India, Coonoor (Unit of Min of Health & FW)

15

 

4. M/s Haffkine Bio-Pharmacuticals Mumbai(A  Govt. of Maharashtra Undertaking)

10

DPT Vaccine

1. Serum Institute of India, Pune

97.5

 

2. M/s Biological Evans Ltd  Hyderabad

80

 

3. M/s Haffkine Bio-Pharmaceuticals Mumbai  (A  Govt. of Maharashtra Undertaking)

44.8

 

4. M/s Pasteur Institute of India, Coonoor (Unit of Min of Health & FW)

40

 

5. Central Research Institute, Kasauli (Unit of MOH)

25

Measles Vaccine

1. Serum Institute of India , Pune

100

BCG Vaccine

1. BCG Vaccine Laboratory, Chennai (Unit of MOH(FW) Tamil Nadu.

35

 

 

 

Oral Polio Vaccine

1. M/s Radicura Pharma New Delhi

540

 

2. M/s BIBCOL, Bulandshahar

300

 

3. M/s Haffkine Bio Pharmaceutical , Mumbai( A Govt. of Maharashtra Undertaking Maharashtra)

240

 

4. M/s Biomed , Ghaziabad

156

 

 

 

 

COLD CHAIN EQUIPMENT

Procurement and replacement of Cold Chain Equipment: Cold Chain is the backbone of the Immunisation programme. About 52,000 Freezer Refrigerators and about 140 Walk-in-Coolers(WICs) & Freezers (WIFs) form a part of the broad network of Cold Chain network in India. These equipments were supplied at various stages of Immunisation Programme during the past with funds from UNICEF and other foreign donor agencies. Their break-down rate (which is worked out as percentage of equipments under repair to total excluding the irrepairable ones) is 1.1%.

 

NO. OF WALK-IN-COOLERS (WIC) & WALK-IN-FREEZERS (WIF) IN STATES

State/Union Territory

WIC

WIF

INDIA

125

20

Andhra Pradesh

7

1

Arunachal Pradesh

1

0

Assam

5

1

Bihar

9

2

Delhi

1

0

Goa

0

0

Gujarat

6

1

Haryana

4

1

Himachal Pradesh

3

0

Jammu & Kashmir

2

0

Karnataka

7

1

Kerala

3

0

Madhya Pradesh

10

2

Maharashtra

8

2

Manipur

1

0

Meghalaya

2

0

Mizoram

1

0

Nagaland

1

0

Orissa

7

1

Punjab

4

1

Rajasthan

7

1

Sikkim

0

0

Tamil Nadu

8

1

Tripura

1

0

Uttar Pradesh

18

4

West Bengal

9

1

Andaman & Nicobar Islands

0

0

Chandigarh

0

0

Dadra Nagar Haveli

0

0

Daman & Diu

0

0

Lakshdeep

0

0

Pondicherry

0

0

In addition to above, there are eight Walk-in-Freezers in Medical Stores Depots of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Govt. of India), two each at Mumbai (Maharashtra), Calcutta (West Bengal), Madras (Tamil Nadu) & Karnal (Haryana).

Statutory testing of vaccines is done by the National Quality Control Laboratory at Kasauli. The vaccines are released only after declared standard by this laboratory. In addition, samples of OPV are picked up from various levels of storage and sent to designated laboratories for potency testing to ensure effectiveness of the Cold Chain system.

The test results for the last nine years indicate steady improvement in the efficacy of the cold chain system in keeping vaccines safe.

 


DRUGS

 

Tablets (IFA large and IFA small )are being supplied under the Reproductive and Child Health Programme.  Vitamin ‘A” solution, ORS and  cotrimoxazole tablets are also being supplied as a prophylactic against anaemia among pregnant women and children and for prevention and control of vitamin 'A' deficiency among children. Cotrimoxazole tablets are being supplied for prevention of Acute Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia) among children.  These five drug items are supplied in the form of kits, named Kit ‘A” to the District Health Officers.    Contents of drug kit ‘A”’ are:

 

Name of the Item

Quantity

Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS)

150 packets

Tablet I.F.A(Large)

15000

Tablet I.F.A(Small)

13000

Vitamin A Solution

6 bottles of  50 doses each

Tablet Cotrimoxazole (Paediatric)

1000

 

In the year 1999-2000,  3,03,603  kit ‘A’ were supplied.

 

In addition to above , following drugs in kit ‘B’ are also supplied to the districts. Contents of drug kit ‘B’ are:

 

Sr. No.

Name of the item

Quantity

1

Tab Methylergometrine Maleate (0.125 mg)

480 tables

2

Tablet Paracetamol

500 tablets

3

Inj. Methylergometrine Maleate

(0.2 mg/ml., 1 ml. Ampoule (for I.M. use) in light resistant Amber colour Ampoules)

 

10 Ampoule

4

Tab. Mebendazole (100 mg)

300 tablets

5

Tab Dicyclomine Hcl, (10 mg)

180 tablets

6

Chloramphenicol Eye Ointment

1 % W/W in applicaps.  Each applicap to contain 250 mg. Of ointment

 

500 Applicaps

7

Ointment Povidone Iodine 5 %

5 Tubes

8

Catrimide Powder

125 gm.

 

 

In the year 1999-2000,  3,03,603 kit ‘B’ were supplied.